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kamrup region
Kamrup or Kamarupa〔Gaṅgā Rām Garg (1992), ''Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World'', P 428 The poet was a Brahmin of Hajo in the Kamarupa district, where his father, Ratna Pathaka, was a renowned scholar and expounder of the Bhagavata at the Madhava temple.〕 is the modern region situated between two rivers Manas and Barnadi in Western Assam, congruent to ancient "Kamapitha", "Kamarupa Mandala" of Pragjyotisha Bhukti, medieval "Sarkar Kamrup" and modern "Undivided Kamrup district",〔Kali Prasad Goswami, "Kāmākhyā Temple: Past and Present", 1998, Page 25 The Guwahati area up to the Manas river formed the waist on the position of the genital organ (kama) and was known as the Kamapitha〕〔Pratap Chandra Choudhury, ''The history of civilisation of the people of Assam to the twelfth century'' , Page 448, 1959 The Kamapitha of the Tantras was no other than Kamarupa and Kamakhya.〕 though historian Dinesh Chandra Sircar suspects Kamapitha division as fabrications from late medieval times.〔"These theoretical divisions are not known from the early epigraphic records and may have been fabricated in the late medieval period." 〕
Pre-colonial Kamrup was a large territory consisting of Western Assam and North Bengal,〔Upendranath Goswami (1970), ''A Study on Kāmrūpī: A Dialect of Assamese'', Page iii〕 which keep reducing in size in subsequent periods. In the nineteenth century eastern Kamrup became part of Colonial Assam while parts of western Kamrup merged with Bengal. Ancient cities Pragjyotishpura and Durjaya were located in modern Kamrup. Kamrup is considered as a politically, socially and culturally separate unit,〔Upendranath Goswami (1970), ''A Study on Kāmrūpī: A Dialect of Assamese''〕 and cultural artefacts from this region are called Kamrupi.
==Ancient Kamrup (350-1140)==
(詳細はKamarupa comes from Samudragupta’s 4th century Allahabad prasasti, where it is mentioned along with Davaka and Samatata as frontier kingdoms of the Gupta empire. Davaka, currently in Nagaon district (central Assam), is not mentioned in historical texts again, which indicates that the kings of Kamarupa must have absorbed it.〔"It is presumed that (Kalyana Varman) conquered Davaka, incorporating it within the kingdom of Kamarupa" 〕 Even though the kingdom came to be known as Kamarupa, the kings called themselves the rulers of Pragjyotisha (''Pragjyotishadhipati''), and not Kamarupa,〔"The name Kamarupa does not appear in local grants where Pragjyotisha alone figures with the local rulers called Pragjyotishadhipati." 〕 nevertheless Kamarupa was continued to mentioned in inscriptions, such as Nidhanpur inscription of Bhaskar Varman.〔Epigraphia Indica Vol XII and XIX〕 Vaidydeva, an 11th-century ruler, named Kamarupa as a ''mandala'' within the Pragjyotisha ''bhukti''. According to Sircar, the Kamarupa mandala is congruent to undivided Kamrup of the modern times.
Even though the epigraphic records define Kamarupa as a smaller region within the historic kingdom, the 9th-10th century shakta work Kalika Purana names the kingdom Kamarupa. Yogini Tantra provides the traditional boundary: Karatoya river in the west, Dikkaravasini (Sadiya) in the east and the Brahmaputra-Lakhya river confluence in the south forming a triangle. Both the western boundary as well as the name agrees with the 7th-century account left by Hiuen Tsang, who identified the kingdom as Kamarupa (Ka-mo-lu-po) which was located to the east of the Karatoya (Ka-lo-tu). Thus the ancient kingdom covered not just the present undivided Kamrup region, but also the rest of the Brahmaputra valley as well as most of the northern parts of Bangladesh. The medieval and modern usage of “Kamrup” does not cover this vast region.
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